가

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: -가

(see here for the particle and verbal suffix)

가 U+AC00, 가
HANGUL SYLLABLE GA
Composition:ㄱ + ㅏ
[unassigned: U+ABFA–U+ABFF]
← ꯹
[U+ABF9] 		Hangul Syllables 각 →
[U+AC01]
㈎ U+320E, ㈎
PARENTHESIZED HANGUL KIYEOK A
← ㈍
[U+320D] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㈏ →
[U+320F]
㉮ U+326E, ㉮
CIRCLED HANGUL KIYEOK A
← ㉭
[U+326D] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㉯ →
[U+326F]
가각갂갃간갅갆
갇갈갉갊갋갌갍
갎갏감갑값갓갔
강갖갗갘같갚갛
→ 개

Korean[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

ㄱ (g) is the first consonant and ㅏ (a) is the first vowel in the ordering of Hangul.

Symbol[edit]

가 • (ga)

  1. The first syllable in the standard ordering of Hangul, the Korean alphabet. Often used to mark the first item of a list or sub-list, equivalent to English (A).
Derived terms[edit]
  • 가갸시절 (gagyasijeol, “childhood; time when you first learn your letters”)(North Korea)
See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᇫ〯 (Yale: kǒz).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)]
    • (file)
  • Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ga
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ga
McCune–Reischauer?ka
Yale Romanization?kā

Noun[edit]

가 • (ga)

  1. (especially in compounds) border, edge, end
    Antonyms: 속 (sok), 안 (an)
    강가 ― gangga ― riverside
    냇가 ― naetga ― streamside
    우물가 ― umulga ― well side
  2. (with an implied or explicit possessor) around, nearby, beside
    Synonyms: 옆 (yeop), 주변(周邊) (jubyeon)
    그 가에 나는 앉았다. ― Geu ga-e na-neun anjatda. ― I sat beside it.
    부처님 가에 꽃들이 만발했다.
    Bucheonim ga-e kkot-deur-i manbal-haetda.
    The flowers were in full bloom around the Buddha.
  3. brim (of a vessel)
    참기름을 따를 때 가에 흘리지 않도록 조심해라.
    Chamgireum-eul ttareul ttae ga-e heulliji an-torok josimhaera.
    Be careful not to spill on the brim when pouring sesame oil.
Usage notes[edit]
  • In compounds, it takes the genitive ㅅ (-s-).
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Sino-Korean word from 家 (“house, family”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ga
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ga
McCune–Reischauer?ka
Yale Romanization?ka

Noun[edit]

가 • (ga) (hanja 家)

  1. (formal) family, household
    Synonym: 가족(家族) (gajok)
  2. (chiefly in compounds) dynasty, lineage, household, House
    합스부르크가 ― hapseubureukeu-ga ― House of Hapsburg
    재벌가 ― jaebeol-ga ― corporate family

Suffix[edit]

—가 • (-ga) (hanja 家)

  1. -er, -ist
    Synonyms: 자(者) (ja), 수(手) (su)
    ‎건축(建築) (geonchuk, “architecture”) + ‎가(家) (ga) → ‎건축가(建築家) (geonchukga, “architect”)
    ‎전략(戰略) (jeollyak, “strategy”) + ‎가(家) (ga) → ‎전략가(戰略家) (jeollyakga, “strategist”)
    ‎자본(資本) (jabon, “capital”) + ‎가(家) (ga) → ‎자본가(資本家) (jabon'ga, “capitalist”)
    ‎애묘(愛猫) (aemyo, “loving cats”) + ‎가(家) (ga) → ‎애묘가(愛猫家) (aemyoga, “cat-lover”)

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

Sino-Korean word from 可 (“possible”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ga
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ga
McCune–Reischauer?ka
Yale Romanization?kā

Noun[edit]

가 • (ga) (hanja 可)

  1. (chiefly suffixal) allowed; permitted
    Antonym: 불가(不可) (bulga)
    15세 관람 가 ― sibose gwallam ga ― those of age 15 permitted to watch
    분할 상환 가 ― bunhal sanghwan ga ― divided reimbursement allowed
  2. aye, for (in meetings, etc.)
    Antonym: 부(否) (bu)
    의원 여러분께서는 본 안건에 대해 가인지 부인지를 결정해주시기를 바랍니다.
    Uiwon yeoreobun-kkeseo-neun bon an'geon-e daehae ga-inji bu-inji-reul gyeoljeonghae-jusigi-reul baramnida.
    Members of parliament, please decide whether you are for or against on this agenda.
  3. The lowest score in the five-point grading system in South Korean schools, ultimately abolished in 2012; equivalent to E or F in the Roman alphabet grading scheme.
    Coordinate terms: 수(秀) (su), 우(優) (u), 미(美) (mi), 양(良) (yang)
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 5[edit]

Sino-Korean word from 價 (“price, value”).

Suffix[edit]

—가 • (-ga) (hanja 價)

  1. price
  2. (physics, after a numeral) valence
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 6[edit]

Sino-Korean word from 街 (“street”).

Suffix[edit]

—가 • (-ga) (hanja 街)

  1. (in address names) street
    종로3가 ― jongno-sam-ga ― Jongno, third street
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 7[edit]

Sino-Korean word from 假 (“false”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ga
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ga
McCune–Reischauer?ka
Yale Romanization?kā

Prefix[edit]

가— • (ga-) (hanja 假)

  1. false
  2. temporary
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 8[edit]

Sino-Korean word from 加 (“to add”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ga
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ga
McCune–Reischauer?ka
Yale Romanization?ka

Root[edit]

가 • (ga) (hanja 加)

  1. The template Template:ko-root of does not use the parameter(s): 
    t=to add; to exert
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Root of 가하다 (gahada). Rarely used alone.
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 9[edit]

From Middle Korean 가〮 (Yale: ká); see the main entry for more.

Pronunciation[edit]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ga
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ga
McCune–Reischauer?ka
Yale Romanization?ka

Verb[edit]

가 • (ga)

  1. infinitive of 가다 (gada, “to go”): see 가다 (gada), 어 (-eo).
  2. informal non-polite non-past indicative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
  3. informal non-polite non-past interrogative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
  4. informal non-polite hortative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
  5. informal non-polite imperative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
  6. formal non-polite cause/reason of 가다 (gada, “to go”)

Etymology 10[edit]

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

Syllable[edit]

가 (ga)

Extended content
  1. 仮: lie
    (eumhun reading: 거짓 가 (geojit ga))
    (MC reading: 仮)
  2. 伽: temple
    (eumhun reading: 절 가 (jeol ga))
    (MC reading: 伽 (MC gja))
  3. 佳: beautiful
    (eumhun reading: 아름다울 가 (areumdaul ga))
    (MC reading: 佳 (MC kea))
  4. 假: lie
    (eumhun reading: 거짓 가 (geojit ga))
    (MC reading: 假 (MC kaeX|kaeH))
  5. 傢: furniture
    (eumhun reading: 가구 가 (gagu ga))
    (MC reading: 傢)
  6. 價: price
    (eumhun reading: 값 가 (gap ga))
    (MC reading: 價 (MC kaeH))
  7. 加: to add
    (eumhun reading: 더할 가 (deohal ga))
    (MC reading: 加 (MC kae))
  8. 可: right; able
    (eumhun reading: 옳을 가 (oreul ga))
    (MC reading: 可 (MC khaX))
  9. 呵: to scold
    (eumhun reading: 꾸짖을 가 (kkujijeul ga))
    (MC reading: 呵 (MC xa|xaH))
  10. 咖: coffee
    (eumhun reading: 커피 가 (keopi ga))
    (MC reading: 咖)
  11. 哥: a surname
    (eumhun reading: 성씨 가 (seongssi ga))
    (MC reading: 哥 (MC ka))
  12. 哿: right, good
    (eumhun reading: 옳을 가 (oreul ga))
    (MC reading: 哿 (MC kaX))
  13. 嘉: beautiful, joyous; happy
    (eumhun reading: 아름다울 가 (areumdaul ga))
    (MC reading: 嘉 (MC kae))
  14. 坷: uneven; unlevel
    (eumhun reading: 평탄하지 않을 가 (pyeongtanhaji aneul ga))
    (MC reading: 坷 (MC khaX|khaH))
  15. 嫁: get married (of women)
    (eumhun reading: 시집갈 가 (sijipgal ga))
    (MC reading: 嫁 (MC kaeH))
  16. 宊: house
    (eumhun reading: 집 가 (jip ga))
    (MC reading: 宊 (MC thwot))
  17. 家: house
    (eumhun reading: 집 가 (jip ga))
    (MC reading: 家 (MC kae))
  18. 苛: severe; harsh
    (eumhun reading: 가혹할 가 (gahokhal ga))
    (MC reading: 苛 (MC ha))
  19. 茄: lotus root, aubergine
    (eumhun reading: 연줄기, 가지 가 (yeonjulgi, gaji ga))
    (MC reading: 茄 (MC gja|kae))
  20. 葭: reed
    (eumhun reading: 갈대 가 (galdae ga))
    (MC reading: 葭 (MC kae))
  21. 斝: drinking-cup
    (eumhun reading: 술잔 가 (suljan ga))
    (MC reading: 斝 (MC kaeX))
  22. 暇: spare time
    (eumhun reading: 틈, 겨를 가 (teum, gyeoreul ga))
    (MC reading: 暇 (MC haeH))
  23. 架: rack
    (eumhun reading: 시렁 가 (sireong ga))
    (MC reading: 架 (MC kaeH))
  24. 枷: knife; flail
    (eumhun reading: 칼 가 (kal ga))
    (MC reading: 枷 (MC gja|kae))
  25. 柯: branch
    (eumhun reading: 가지 가 (gaji ga))
    (MC reading: 柯 (MC ka))
  26. 榎: catalpa
    (eumhun reading: 개오동나무 가 (gae'odongnamu ga))
    (MC reading: 榎 (MC kaeX))
  27. 檟: catalpa
    (eumhun reading: 개오동나무 가 (gae'odongnamu ga))
    (MC reading: 檟 (MC kaeX))
  28. 歌: music; song
    (eumhun reading: 노래 가 (norae ga))
    (MC reading: 歌 (MC ka))
  29. 珂: agate
    (eumhun reading: 마노 가 (mano ga))
    (MC reading: 珂 (MC kha))
  30. 珈: hair ornament
    (eumhun reading: 머리꾸미개 가 (meorikkumigae ga))
    (MC reading: 珈 (MC kae))
  31. 迦: used in transliterating Sanskrit
    (eumhun reading: 부처 이름 가 (bucheo ireum ga))
    (MC reading: 迦 (MC kja|kae))
  32. 痂: scab
    (eumhun reading: 딱지 가 (ttakji ga))
    (MC reading: 痂 (MC kae))
  33. 稼: to plant
    (eumhun reading: 심을 가 (simeul ga))
    (MC reading: 稼 (MC kaeH))
  34. 笳: a reed pipe
    (eumhun reading: 호드기 가 (hodeugi ga))
    (MC reading: 笳 (MC kae))
  35. 耞: flail
    (eumhun reading: 도리깨 가 (dorikkae ga))
    (MC reading: 耞)
  36. 舸: boat; ship
    (eumhun reading: 배 가 (bae ga))
    (MC reading: 舸 (MC kaX))
  37. 街: street
    (eumhun reading: 거리 가 (geori ga))
    (MC reading: 街 (MC kea|keaj))
  38. 袈: the robes of fully ordained Buddhist monks and nuns
    (eumhun reading: 가사 가 (gasa ga))
    (MC reading: 袈 (MC kae))
  39. 訶: to scold
    (eumhun reading: 꾸짖을 가 (kkujijeul ga))
    (MC reading: 訶 (MC xa))
  40. 謌: music; song
    (eumhun reading: 노래 가 (norae ga))
    (MC reading: 謌 (MC ka))
  41. 賈: price, value
    (eumhun reading: 값 가 (gap ga))
    (MC reading: 賈 (MC kuX|kaeX|kaeH))
  42. 跏: to do a lotus position
    (eumhun reading: 책상다리할 가 (chaeksangdarihal ga))
    (MC reading: 跏 (MC kae))
  43. 軻: handcart, a surname
    (eumhun reading: 수레, 사람 이름 가 (sure, saram ireum ga))
    (MC reading: 軻 (MC kha|khaX|khaH))
  44. 駕: yoke
    (eumhun reading: 멍에 가 (meong'e ga))
    (MC reading: 駕 (MC kaeH))
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=가&oldid=77838237"