encircle; circuit; complete encircle; circuit; complete; lap; week; cycle; all; every; attentive; thoughtful |
chapter; seal; section | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (周章) | 周 | 章 | |
| simp. #(周章) | 周 | 章 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 周 | 章 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 職流切 | 諸良切 |
| Baxter | tsyuw | tsyang |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ɕɨu/ | /t͡ɕɨɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡ɕiu/ | /t͡ɕiɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ɕiəu/ | /t͡ɕiɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/cuw/ | /cɨaŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ɕiu/ | /t͡ɕiaŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ɕĭəu/ | /t͡ɕĭaŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/ | /t͡ɕi̯aŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhōu | zhāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
zau1 | zoeng1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 周 | 周 | 章 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zhōu | zhōu | zhāng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsyuw › | ‹ tsyuw › | ‹ tsyang › |
| Old Chinese |
/*tiw/ | /*tiw/ | /*taŋ/ |
| English | Zhōu (dynasty and place) | cycle; all around | brilliant; distinctive mark; to display |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 周 | 章 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 17531 | 16817 |
| Phonetic component |
周 | 章 |
| Rime group |
幽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
周 | 章 |
| Old Chinese |
/*tjɯw/ | /*kjaŋ/ |
| Notes | 甲金文象田間稼密， 爲稠初文 |
|
周章
周章