學問

See also: 学问 and 学問

Chinese

		learn; study; science learn; study; science; ‑ology	to ask
trad. (學問)		學	問
simp. (学问)		学	问

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xuéwèn

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hok⁶ man⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ho̍k-mun
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ha̍k-būn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hag⁸ mung⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuéwèn → xuéwen (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄣˋ → ㄒㄩㄝˊ ˙ㄨㄣ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuéwůn
    • Wade–Giles: hsüeh²-wên⁵
    • Yale: sywé-wen
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyue.wenn
    • Palladius: сюэвэнь (sjuevɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ wən⁵¹/ → /ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ wən³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hok⁶ man⁶
    • Yale: hohk mahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hok⁹ man⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hog⁶ men⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːk̚² mɐn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ho̍k-mun
    • Hakka Romanization System: hog mun
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hog⁶ mun⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /hok̚⁵ mun⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha̍k-būn
    • Tâi-lô: ha̍k-būn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hagbun
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hak̚²⁴⁻² bun⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ bun²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hag⁸ mung⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ha̍k mūng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hak̚⁴⁻² muŋ¹¹/

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• Middle Chinese: haewk mjunH

Rime
Character	學	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	胡覺切	亡運切
Baxter	haewk	mjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠʌk̚/	/mɨunH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚɔk̚/	/miunH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɔk̚/	/miuənH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨwk̚/	/munH/
Li Rong	/ɣɔk̚/	/miuənH/
Wang Li	/ɣɔk̚/	/mĭuənH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣɔk̚/	/mi̯uənH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xué	wèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hok6	man6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-kˤruk  C.mu[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡruːɡ  mɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	學	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xué	wèn
Middle Chinese	‹ hæwk ›	‹ mjunH ›
Old Chinese	/*m-kˁruk/	/*C.mu[n]-s/
English	study; imitate	ask
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	學	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14079	8967
Phonetic component	學	門
Rime group	覺	文
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	學	問
Old Chinese	/*ɡruːɡ/	/*mɯns/
Notes	甲文象習持爻於膝前， 金文方加子

Noun

學問

1. branch of knowledge

   死亡學是一門新興的學問。 [MSC, trad.]
   死亡学是一门新兴的学问。 [MSC, simp.]

   Sǐwángxué shì yī mén xīnxìng de xuéwèn. [Pinyin]

   Thanatology is a new branch of knowledge.

2. learning; knowledge; wisdom; erudition; scholarship

   做學問／做学问  ―  zuòxuéwèn  ―  to do scholarly research; to pursue scholarship

   賣弄學問／卖弄学问  ―  màinòng xuéwèn  ―  to show off one's knowledge

   蘊含博大精深的學問 [MSC, trad.]
   蕴含博大精深的学问 [MSC, simp.]

   yùnhán bódàjīngshēn de xuéwèn [Pinyin]

   to contain profound wisdom

   • 種植牛油果看似簡單，但背後學問多得很。 [MSC, trad.]
     种植牛油果看似简单，但背后学问多得很。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 杨文明 (2018 January 8) “云南孟连 土地这样流转”, in People's Daily (in Chinese), page 10

     Zhǒngzhí niúyóuguǒ kànsì jiǎndān, dàn bèihòu xuéwèn duō de hěn. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• (scholarship):

• 學術／学术 (xuéshù)
• 學識／学识 (xuéshí)
• 墨水 (mòshuǐ) (figurative)

 

• (knowledge):

• 心得 (xīndé) (knowledge gained)
• 所知 (suǒzhī) (literary)
• 智識／智识 (zhìshí) (literary, or Min Nan and Cantonese)
• 知識／知识
• 聞見／闻见 (wénjiàn) (literary)
• 見聞／见闻 (jiànwén)
• 見識／见识 (jiànshí)
• 認識／认识
• 識見／识见 (shíjiàn) (literary)

 

Derived terms

• 做學問／做学问 (zuò xuéwèn)
• 有學問／有学问 (yǒuxuéwèn)

 

Related terms

• 才能 (cáinéng)
• 才學／才学 (cáixué)
• 才智 (cáizhì)
• 智慧 (zhìhuì)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
學	問
がく Hyōgaiji	もん Grade: 3
on’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 學問 – see the following entry.

【学問がくもん】 [noun] study of something; the sum of knowledge accrued by scholars; the realm of refined learning; scholarship [verb] to study, to engage in scholarship

(This term, 學問, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
學	問

Noun

學問 • (hangmun) (hangeul 학문)

1. Hanja form^? of 학문 (“study; learning”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
學	問

Noun

學問

1. chữ Hán form of học vấn (“learning”).