扶

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See also: 扷 and 抚
扶 U+6276, 扶
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6276
← 扵
[U+6275] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 扷 →
[U+6277]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

扶 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手手人 (QQO), four-corner 55030, composition ⿰扌夫)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 419, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11840
  • Dae Jaweon: page 765, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1833, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6276

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 扶
alternative forms 𰀣

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (夫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
趺 *pa
肤 *pa
邞 *pa
鈇 *pa
衭 *pa
玞 *pa
夫 *pa, *ba
鳺 *pa
扶 *pa, *ba
妋 *pa, *qu
麩 *pʰa
蚨 *ba
芙 *ba
颫 *ba
枎 *ba

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pa, *ba) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 夫 (OC *pa, *ba).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • Sixian:
    • fù - literary;
    • phù - vernacular.
  • Meixian:
    • fu2 - literary;
    • pu2 - vernacular.
Note:
  • hù - literary;
  • può - vernacular (to pardon);
  • hô - vernacular (to hold onto something as support, to help, to support).
Note:
  • hû - literary;
  • phô͘ - vernacular.
Rime
Character 扶
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 防無切
Baxter bju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bɨo/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bio/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bio/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/buə̆/
Li
Rong 		/bio/
Wang
Li 		/bĭu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fu4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 扶 扶
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fú fú
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bju › ‹ bju ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-[p](r)a/ /*m-[p](r)a/
English crawl assist

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 扶
Reading # 2/2
No. 3280
Phonetic
component 		夫
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		扶
Old
Chinese 		/*ba/

Definitions[edit]

扶

  1. to hold onto something as support; to support oneself
  2. to help someone up; to support someone
  3. to help; to aid; to assist
  4. to try to do something despite illness
  5. a surname: Fu
  6. (Eastern Min) to pardon
  7. (Southern Min) to brownnose; to suck up; to kiss someone's ass
Synonyms[edit]
  • (to help):
  • (to brownnose):
Dialectal synonyms of 拍馬屁 (“to brownnose; to suck up to”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 媚, 諂
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 拍馬, 奉承, 奉迎, 討好, 諂媚, 恭維, 巴結, 趨奉, 趨附, 諂諛, 阿諛, 逢迎, 抱大腿, 阿諂, 巴劫, 獻殷勤, 捧臭腳, 取悅
Mandarin Beijing 拍馬屁, 溜溝子, 溜鬚, 溜鬚捧勝, 溜, 捧臭腳, 捧參兒, 呵
Taiwan 拍馬屁, 拍馬, 抱大腿
Tianjin 拍, 溜乎, 溜溝子, 溜溝子舔眼子
Langfang 奉承, 巴結
Tangshan 捧, 巴結
Cangzhou 奉承, 巴結
Baoding 奉承, 巴結
Shijiazhuang 奉承, 巴結
Daming 奉承, 巴結
Harbin 拍馬屁, 拍, 溜溝子, 溜腚溝兒, 溜鬚, 溜鬚拍馬, 溜鬚捧勝, 溜鬚舔腚, 溜, 舔腚, 捧臭腳, 捧勝, 巴結, 巴嘰
Changchun 溜鬚, 溜鬚捧勝
Tonghua 溜鬚
Dalian 溜光, 溜恭
Yantai (Muping) 溜溝子, 舔摸, 舔腚溜溝子, 巴結
Qingdao 拍馬屁, 舔麼
Jinan 舔腚, 溜鬚, 巴結, 巴結奉迎, 奉承, 奉迎, 討好
Luoyang 拍馬屁, 溜溝子, 溜屁股溝, 溜鬚拍馬, 巴結, 奉承
Wanrong 舔溝子, 巴結
Shangqiu 溜
Zhengzhou 溜, 溜腚溝兒
Xi'an 溜溝子, 騷輕, 巴結, 腮補西 Hui
Baoji 溜溝子
Yinchuan 溜溝子, 舔溝子, 巴結
Lanzhou 溜溝子, 舔溝子, 溜溝順情, 抱大腿, 巴結
Xining 舔溝油, 抱大腿, 抱粗腿, 巴結
Ürümqi 溜溝子, 溜, 巴結
Wuhan 拍, 拍麻皮, 呵熱屁, 呵卵捧㞗, 呵, 拎草鞋, 提草鞋, 巴結, 巴, 奉承
Chengdu 舔肥, 舔溝子, 舔肥溝子, 舔屁股, 𫾈肥, 𫾈, 抱大腳桿, 浮上水, 巴結, 巴, 溜溝子
Guiyang 拍馬屁, 舔肥屁股, 舔肥, 巴結
Kunming 捧脬, 舔屁股, 巴結, 拍馬屁, 搊捧
Guilin 巴結
Liuzhou 拍馬屁, 捧大腳, 捧卵脬, 巴結
Xuzhou 吸喋子, 吸, 偷吸, 舔腚眼子, 舔腚, 巴結
Yangzhou 拍馬屁, 拍馬三, 呵, 呵捧, 呵大卵子, 舔屁眼, 巴結
Nanjing 拍馬屁, 呵, 呵二屁, 抬轎子, 抱粗腿, 巴結
Hefei 拍馬屁, 呵
Nantong 拍馬屁, 托卵脬, 托馬屁, 巴結
Singapore 拍馬屁
Cantonese Guangzhou 托大腳, 托, 擦鞋, 𦧺屎窟
Hong Kong 托大腳, 擦鞋, 拍馬屁, 𦧺屎眼, 𦧺屎窟
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 騎大腳
Macau 擦鞋
Guangzhou (Panyu) 托大腳
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 托大腳
Guangzhou (Conghua) 托大腳
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 托大腳
Foshan 托大腳
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 托大腳
Foshan (Shunde) 托大腳
Foshan (Sanshui) 托大腳
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 托大腳
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 托大腳
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 托大腳
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 托大腳
Zhuhai (Doumen) 托大腳
Jiangmen (Baisha) 托大腳
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 托大腳
Taishan 托大腳
Kaiping (Chikan) 托大腳, 捧臀
Enping (Niujiang) 捧臀, 托大腳
Heshan (Yayao) 托大腳
Dongguan 托大蹄, 托大腳, 拍馬屁, 擦鞋
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 托大腳
Yangjiang 托大腳
Nanning 拍馬屁, 拍, 捧大腿, 捧脬
Wuzhou 拍馬屁, 捧大腳
Yulin 拍馬屁, 捧大腳
Hepu (Lianzhou) 捧, 托大腳
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 捧大腳
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 捧大腳
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 托大腳, 擦鞋, 罌吉
Penang (Guangfu) 托大腳, 擦鞋
Singapore (Guangfu) 托大腳
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 托大腳
Móng Cái 捧大腳
Gan Nanchang 拍馬屁, 托卵袋子, 巴結
Lichuan 拍馬屁, 巴結
Pingxiang 拍馬屁, 搊卵坨子, 巴結
Hakka Meixian 捧大腳, 托大腳, 巴結
Xingning 背大腳
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 托大腳
Dongguan (Qingxi) 托大腳
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 托大腳
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 托大腳
Conghua (Lütian) 巴結
Yudu 托卵坨, 巴結
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 托核, 托核卵
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 扶核卵, 托核卵
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 托核, 托核卵
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 托核, 托核卵
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 托核, 托核卵
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 扶核卵
Luchuan (Daqiao) 巴結
Huizhou Jixi 拍馬屁, 捧攏, 捧, 呵卵脬, 呼卵脬, 巴結
Jin Taiyuan 舔屁眼, 溜溝子, 溜舔, 溜溝子舔屁眼, 拍馬屁, 抱粗腿, 巴舔
Datong 溜舔
Xinzhou 溜達, 溜, 走上水, 溜舔, 溜溝子, 爬溝子, 溜溝涮棒, 舔屁眼, 舔屁窟, 舔㞘子, 舔涮, 涮攪, 涮棒子, 涮壜子, 涮淘, 喝泔水, 扶上水, 扶下頦
Lishi 溜溝子
Linfen 溜溝子
Linhe 溜溝子
Hohhot 溜溝子
Zhangjiakou 奉承, 巴結
Handan 奉承, 巴結
Northern Min Jian'ou 捧㞠脬, 攬褲跤, 頌花鞋, 巴結
Eastern Min Fuzhou 托𡳞脬, 捧, 拍馬屁, 巴結
Southern Min Xiamen 扶, 扶𡳞脬, 扶零星, 三跤, 㾪扶
Quanzhou 扶, 扶𡳞脬, 㾪扶
Zhangzhou 扶, 扶𡳞脬, 三跤, 三跤馬, 三跤撐
Taipei 扶𡳞脬, 扶挺
New Taipei (Sanxia) 扶𡳞脬
Kaohsiung 扶𡳞脬, 扶挺
Yilan 扶𡳞脬, 扶挺, 扶
Changhua (Lukang) 扶𡳞脬, 扶挺, 扶
Taichung 扶𡳞脬, 扶尻川, 扶𡳞
Tainan 扶𡳞脬, 扶挺, 扶𡳞
Taitung 扶𡳞脬
Hsinchu 扶𡳞脬
Kinmen 扶𡳞脬
Penghu (Magong) 扶𡳞脬
Penang (Hokkien) 扶
Singapore (Hokkien) 扶, 扶𡳞脬, 三跤
Manila (Hokkien) 扶, 扶𡳞脬
Pingnan (Shangdu) 巴結
Chaozhou 扶𡳞脬, 扶
Raoping 扶𡳞脬
Shantou 扛轎跤, 扶𡳞脬
Jieyang 扶𡳞脬, 扶
Singapore (Teochew) 扶, 扶𡳞脬
Leizhou 托跤腿
Singapore (Hainanese) 扶, 扶大腿
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 抱大跤
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 捧卵脬, 捧脬, 扛大腳, 拍馬屁, 巴結
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 巴結, 奉承
Wu Shanghai 拍馬屁, 巴結
Shanghai (Chongming) 拍馬屁
Suzhou 拍馬屁, 拍馬三, 巴結, 討好, 拍牢
Wuxi 拍馬屁
Danyang 拍馬屁, 巴結, 呵捧, 呵卵脬
Hangzhou 拍馬屁, 巴結
Ningbo 拍馬屁, 巴結
Wenzhou 拍馬屁
Jinhua 拍馬屁, 塔麻油, 捧大腿, 捧腿, 巴結, 討好
Xiang Changsha 拍馬屁, 摸螺拐, 搊卵脬
Loudi 捧馬屁, 捧卵胞
Shuangfeng 捧馬屁, 搊屁股
Quanzhou 巴結
Antonyms[edit]
  • (antonym(s) of "to help"):

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Rime
Character 扶
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 甫無切
Baxter pju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pɨo/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pio/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pio/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/puə̆/
Li
Rong 		/pio/
Wang
Li 		/pĭu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pi̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fu1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 扶
Reading # 1/2
No. 3276
Phonetic
component 		夫
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		跗
Old
Chinese 		/*pa/

Definitions[edit]

扶

  1. (alt. form 膚／肤) an ancient unit of length equal to the width of four fingers

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation 3[edit]

Definitions[edit]

扶

  1. Alternative form of 匍 (pú) Only used in 扶服 and 扶伏.

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

扶

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Chinese 扶 (MC bju).

Hanja[edit]

扶 (eumhun 도울 부 (doul bu))

  1. Hanja form? of 부 (“to help”).

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle Chinese 扶 / 匍 (MC bu).

Hanja[edit]

扶 (eumhun 기어갈 포 (gieogal po))

  1. Alternative form of 匍 (“Hanja form? of 포 (“to crawl; to creep”).”)

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

扶: Hán Việt readings: phù[1][2][3][4][5][6]
扶: Nôm readings: phù[1][2][3], phò[1][2][3][7], bù[1], hùa[7], vùa[3][7]

  1. Nôm form of phò (“to assist or help”).

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Trần (2004).
  4. ^ Trần (1999).
  5. ^ Nguyễn (1974).
  6. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Hồ (1976).
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