無慮

Chinese

		not have	anxiety
trad. (無慮)		無	慮
simp. (无虑)		无	虑

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wúlǜ

  (Zhuyin): ㄨˊ ㄌㄩˋ

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mò-li / vù-li

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wúlǜ
    • Zhuyin: ㄨˊ ㄌㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wúlyù
    • Wade–Giles: wu²-lü⁴
    • Yale: wú-lyù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuliuh
    • Palladius: улюй (uljuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /u³⁵ ly⁵¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mò-li / vù-li
    • Hakka Romanization System: moˇ li / vuˇ li
    • Hagfa Pinyim: mo² li⁴ / vu² li⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /mo¹¹ li⁵⁵/, /vu¹¹ li⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: mju ljoH

Rime
Character	無	慮
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	武夫切	良倨切
Baxter	mju	ljoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨo/	/lɨʌH/
Pan Wuyun	/mio/	/liɔH/
Shao Rongfen	/mio/	/liɔH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muə̆/	/lɨə̆H/
Li Rong	/mio/	/liɔH/
Wang Li	/mĭu/	/lĭoH/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯u/	/li̯woH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wú	lǜ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mou4	leoi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ma  [r]a-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ma  ras/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	無	慮
Reading #	1/3	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wú	lǜ
Middle Chinese	‹ mju ›	‹ ljoH ›
Old Chinese	/*ma/	/*[r]a-s/
English	not have	think, consider
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	無	慮
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13117	5241
Phonetic component	無	虍
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	無	慮
Old Chinese	/*ma/	/*ras/

Adjective

無慮 (literary)

1. foresightless

   • 夫惟無慮而易敵者，必擒於人。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     夫惟无虑而易敌者，必擒于人。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Art of War, circa 5^th century BCE

     Fú wéi wúlǜ ér yì dí zhě, bì qín yú rén. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. carefree

   • 大丈夫恬然無思，澹然無慮。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     大丈夫恬然无思，澹然无虑。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Huainanzi, 2^nd century BCE

     Dàzhàngfū tiánrán wú sī, dànrán wúlǜ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 同物既無慮，化去不復悔。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     同物既无虑，化去不复悔。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: 5th century, Tao Yuanming, 《讀＜山海經＞》

     Tóng wù jì wúlǜ, huàqù bùfù huǐ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Adverb

無慮 (literary)

1. approximately; about; or so; or thereabouts

   • 今反虜無慮三萬人，法當倍用六萬人。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     今反虏无虑三万人，法当倍用六万人。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Jīn fǎn lǔ wúlǜ sān wàn rén, fǎ dāng bèi yòng liù wàn rén. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. probably; likely

   • 赦自出者百餘萬人。然不能半自出，天下大抵無慮皆鑄金錢矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     赦自出者百余万人。然不能半自出，天下大抵无虑皆铸金钱矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Shè zìchū zhě bǎi yú wàn rén. Rán bùnéng bàn zìchū, tiānxià dàdǐ wúlǜ jiē zhù jīnqián yǐ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• (about):

• 上下 (shàngxià)
• 光景 (guāngjǐng)
• 前後／前后 (qiánhòu) (of a point in or period of time)
• 參差／参差 (cēncī) (literary)
• 大抵 (dàdǐ)
• 大概 (dàgài)
• 大率 (dàshuài) (literary)
• 大約／大约 (dàyuē)
• 大約摸／大约摸 (dàyuēmō) (colloquial)
• 大致 (dàzhì)
• 左右 (zuǒyòu)
• 模樣／模样
• 約摸／约摸 (yuēmo)
• 約略／约略 (yuēlüè)

 

• (probably):

• 博濟／博济 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 多半 (duōbàn)
• 多半兒／多半儿 (duōbànr) (Beijing Mandarin)
• 大半 (dàbàn)
• 大概 (dàgài)
• 大約／大约 (dàyuē)
• 大約摸／大约摸 (dàyuēmō) (colloquial)
• 想必 (xiǎngbì)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (無慮):

• → Japanese: 無(む)慮(りょ) (muryo)
• → Korean: 무려(無慮) (muryeo)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
無	慮
む Grade: 4	りょ Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) む​りょ [múꜜryò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [mɯ̟ᵝɾʲo̞]

Adverb

無(む)慮(りょ) • (muryo) 

1. about; nearly; roughly; approximately; more or less

Korean

Hanja in this term
無	慮

Adverb

無慮 • (muryeo) (hangeul 무려)

1. Hanja form^? of 무려 (“as many as, no less than”).