有司

Chinese

		to have; there is; there are to have; there is; there are; to exist; to be	company; control
trad. (有司)		有	司
simp. #(有司)		有	司

Etymology

Attested on Western Zhou's bronze inscriptions (for some examples see Vogt, 2012); earliest attestation is possibly on an oracle bone inscription unearthed in Dasikong village (大司空村), Anyang, Henan (He, 2018).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǒusī

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˇ ㄙ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁵ si¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yǒusī
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˇ ㄙ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yǒusih
    • Wade–Giles: yu³-ssŭ¹
    • Yale: yǒu-sz̄
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeousy
    • Palladius: юсы (jusy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 有司 有私

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jau⁵ si¹
    • Yale: yáuh sī
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁵ si¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁵ xi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯¹³ siː⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: hjuwX si

Rime
Character	有	司
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	云久切	息兹切
Baxter	hjuwX	si
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨuX/	/sɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiuX/	/sɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiəuX/	/sie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuwX/	/sɨ/
Li Rong	/ɣiuX/	/siə/
Wang Li	/ɣĭəuX/	/sĭə/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ə̯uX/	/si/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǒu	sī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau5	si1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷəʔ  s-lə/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯʔ  slɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	有	司
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǒu	sī
Middle Chinese	‹ hjuwX ›	‹ si ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷəʔ/	/*s-lə/
English	have, exist	superintend
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	有	司
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	15595	11951
Phonetic component	又	司
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	有	思
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯʔ/	/*slɯ/

Noun

有司

1. (archaic) functionary; government official; office holder

   • 秦王恐其破璧，乃辭謝固請，召有司案圖，指從此以往十五都予趙。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     秦王恐其破璧，乃辞谢固请，召有司案图，指从此以往十五都予赵。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Qín wáng kǒng qí pò bì, nǎi cí xiè gù qǐng, zhào yǒusī àn tú, zhǐ cóng cǐ yǐ wǎng shíwǔ dōu yǔ zhào. [Pinyin]

     The King of Qin was afraid that he (referring to Lin Xiangru) would break the jade annulus, so he apologised tactfully and firmly asked him not to. He summoned an official to check a map, and pointed at it, saying the fifteen cities from here to there would be given to Zhao.

   • 若有作姦犯科及爲忠善者，宜付有司論其刑賞，以昭陛下平明之治。 [MSC, trad.]
     若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之治。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: Former Chu Shi Biao, by Zhuge Liang, 3rd century CE

     Ruò yǒu zuò jiān fàn kē jí wèi zhōng shàn zhě, yí fù yǒusī lùn qí xíng shǎng, yǐ zhāo bìxià píngmíng zhī zhì. [Pinyin]

     If there are those who commit crimes and break the law, or those who do loyal and good deeds, you should hand them over to officials to assess their punishments or rewards, to make clear Your Majesty’s fair and wise governance.

2. (archaic) fortuneteller

Synonyms

• (functionary):

• 內臣／内臣 (nèichén) (historical)
• 公僕／公仆 (gōngpú)
• 公務員／公务员 (gōngwùyuán)
• 君子 (jūnzǐ) (Classical Chinese)
• 官僚 (guānliáo)
• 官吏 (guānlì) (chiefly historical)
• 官員／官员 (guānyuán)
• 官宦 (guānhuàn) (chiefly historical)
• 宦官 (huànguān) (chiefly historical)
• 臣僚 (chénliáo) (historical, in a monarchy)

 

• (fortuneteller):

• 半仙 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 看命仙 (Hokkien)
• 相命仙 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 相命的 (Hokkien)
• 相命者 (xiàngmìngzhě)
• 算命仙 (Hakka, Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 算命仔 (Hakka)
• 算命佬 (syun³ meng⁶ lou²) (Cantonese)
• 算命先生 (suànmìng xiānsheng) (male fortuneteller)
• 算命家 (suànmìngjiā)